RODRIGUES, G. R. S. Representações sociais de mulheres submetidas à revascularização do miocárdio sobre seu corpo: repercussões para a sexualidade [Social representations of women submitted to the myocardial revascularization over his body: repercussions in sexuality]. 136 p. Doctoral Thesis – UFBA. Salvador (BA). 2014.
Available on: http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/14366
This is a descriptive and analytical case study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, with the purpose of analyzing the social representations (SR) of women about their body after the myocardial revascularization and discuss the implications of these representations for the sexuality, in the light of Social Representation Theory, focused on the psychosocial approach, and having gender as an analytical category. Twenty-five women submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery at a general cardiology outpatient clinic in a public hospital of the city of Salvador -Bahia, during the years 2011-2012, participated in the study. The ethical and legal aspects provisioned under Resolution 196/96, of the National Health Committee were observed. The data was collected by the application of two projective techniques, the Test of free Association of Words and the story design with theme, and a discursive technique: the semi-structured interview. For the treatment of empirical data obtained from TALP was used to factor analysis of correspondence through the Tri-deux-mots software 2.2 and the data extracted from the drawings and interviews were submitted to thematic content analysis. 72% of the women surveyed had 55 or more years old; 68% were catholic; 96% presented the coronary demonstration before the myocardial revascularization; 68% had to 2 – 4 years of time performing surgery; 68% were married or had a stable relationship and 68% kept the sexual activities after the surgical procedure. The content analysis emerged three categories and subcategories: (1) Improved Body, with two subcategories: the living body and body on adaptation; (2) Limited Body and; (3) Body Marked, with the subcategory: lonely body. The factorial analysis offered a reading of the semantic variations in spatial field organization, where 421 words were cited by 25 women, 129 of which were different and demonstrated significance for fixed variables: age, surgery time and sex life after surgery. The results from the TALP showed that the participants of study, regardless of the age group, post-surgical experience time, and whether or not sexual activity after the procedure, represent the surgical intervention as a milestone in their lives, with negative repercussions in their sexual lives. The representations on the body and sexuality after surgery attempt to dissimulate the evident moral suffering of the stigma, but it is not possible to mask the concealment of pain, no longer physical, but the feeling of social and affective annulment. Most women emphasize that the scars on the body cause emotional and psychological damage. It is concluded that the participants in this study although represent their bodies as improved from a physical point of view that lead to rebirth and adapt to changes in lifestyle injurious to health, also represent how a body weakened by its limitations and scars, resulting in negative experiences about their sexual relationships that lead to feelings of loneliness. The results show that the representations and the influence of gender on the experience of the body after myocardial revascularization contributes to the completeness and individualization of care and best efficaciousness of the issues and questions presented by this group of women. In this way, the nurse may adjust the health guidelines for each genre, especially the woman, thus interfering in adherence to treatment guidelines and improving nursing care.