O uso do Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias no estudo dos psicodinamismos de pacientes esquizofrênicos: uma análise segundo a interpretação freudiana dos sonhos [The use of Drawing-and-Story Procedure (D-E) in the study of psychodynamics in schizophrenic patients: an analysis according to the Freudian interpretation of dreams]

SOUZA, E. L. de. O uso do Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias no estudo dos psicodinamismos de pacientes esquizofrênicos: uma análise segundo a interpretação freudiana dos sonhos [The use of Drawing-and-Story Procedure (D-E) in the study of psychodynamics in schizophrenic patients: an analysis according to the Freudian interpretation of dreams]. 266 p. Master’s Dissertation – Instituto de Psicologia da USP. São Paulo, 2001.Abstract: the present study has two goals: 1) to specify and to describe psychic mechanisms in a group of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia through the Drawing-and-Story Procedure (D-E) analyzed in a way similar to the Freudian interpretation of dreams; 2) to extend the use of D-E and a kind of analysis (analysis of contents according to categories that may be found in dreams) to schizophrenic patients. So it is assumed that projective production might be analyzed as if it was a dream, since dreams are of major importance as a way of directly expressing unconscious psychic mechanisms. This approach, i.e., the D-E analysis of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia constitutes the original aspect of this work. Ten male patients, aged from 21 to 42, took part in the study. All had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia at least six months before the study began and all of them were outpatients treated at the dispensary of the Psychiatric ward at Hospital das Clínicas 1) hospital belonging to the Ribeirão Preto’s medical School-USP). The following tools were used: 1) INV-C 9 nonverbal intelligence test) to assess a possible intellectual deterioration in order to exclude such kinds of patients from the study; 2) D-E used as suggested by Trinca (1987) and analyzed qualitatively according to Migliavacca (1987) who suggest an analysis similar to that used in dream interpretation psychoanalytically, taking into account the following aspects: 1) manifestation of unconscious material; 2) wish fulfillment; 3) anxiety; 4) displacement; 5) dramatization; 6) secondary revision; 7) condensation; 8) reaction formation; 9) dispersion; 10) personification; 11) symbolism. This qualitative analysis is presented through a theorized synthesis of each case. One of them did not speak directly about himself. It was also observed that many of them were aware of their disease and expressed it clearly in their graphic and verbal production. In all the analyses the presence of some mechanisms suggested by Migliavacca were noticed, especially the following manifestation of unconscious material, wish fulfillment, anxiety, displacement, secondary revision, condensation, dispersion and symbolism. One can conclude that in patients’ D-E psychic mechanisms similar to those of dreams may be found, thus adding a new way of interpreting D-E in psychopathological conditions, as well as the possibility of a more profound psychodynamic knowledge of these patients through such a procedure.